ARTICULO 1
1. Trend in Colombia in recent years, inflation above the minimum wage.
Amid the current economic crisis, where demand has been affected due to loss of purchasing power of people develop an economic policy to head the government of Alvaro Uribe that properly concerns their use. Amid the current economic crisis, Where Has Been Affected demand due to loss of Purchasing Power of an Economic Policy Develop people to head the Government of Alvaro Uribe Their Concerns That Properly used. This policy is reflected in the trend has been observed in recent years to establish a minimum wage increase slightly according to the cost of living and well below it, this situation is that the percentage increase in the minimum wage recent years has been based on projections that the bank provides the Republic with regard to inflation is expected, but not in the reality of that inflation for the previous year, meaning turn to inflation as a sustained increase the price of goods and services, measured against the purchasing power and taking as a result failing to recover the lost purchasing power last year if not met again with these goals. This policy is Reflected in the trend has Been Observed in Recent years establishe a Minimum Wage to Increase Slightly According To the cost of living and well Below it, this situation is the Percentage That the Minimum Wage Increase in Recent Years Has Been That based on projections Provides the bank the Republic with Regard to Inflation Is Expected, but not in the reality of That Inflation for the previous year, meaning turn to inflation "as a Sustained Increase the price of Goods and Services, Measured Against the Purchasing Power and taking as a result failing to recover the lost Purchasing Power last year again If Not With These goals met. Similarly, the decision on the wage increase has been left to the government, being established by presidential decree in the absence of a unilateral agreement between the unions. Similarly, the decision on the Wage Increase Has Been left to the Government, Being Established by Presidential Decree in the Absence of a unilateral agreement Between the unions.
For lower income people, specifically those that earn below minimum wage, a group they belong to 6.5 million people in Colombia, according to the DANE National Statistics Department, the cost of living in 2008 became pronounced in the 8.99 %, which is different from the registrations submitted by the government of a 7.67% according to the Consumer Price Index (CPI), serving as an excuse to establish the same percentage wage increase for 2009, showing that inflation or cost of living was cruel behavior that affected most to those who perceived lower incomes. Taking again into account that the minimum wage for this year was calculated as the loss of purchasing power that was held in the previous year as an alternative to recover that loss, it is clear that the decree by which the government sets the increase of 7.67 becomes unjust and according to the reality experienced by those with less income in the previous year. For lower Income people, Those That Specifically earn Below Minimum Wage, a group They Belong to 6.5 million people in Colombia, According To the DANE National Statistics Department, the cost of living in 2008 Became pronounceable in the 8.99%, Which Is Different from the Registrations submitted by the Government of a 7.67% According To the Consumer Price Index (CPI), serving as an excuse to establishe the same Percentage Wage Increase for 2009, Showing That cost of living or inflation "cruel Behavior That Was Affected most to Those Who Perceived lower incomes. Bearing in mind again That the Minimum Wage Was Calculated for this year as the loss of Purchasing Power Held That was in the previous year as an alternative to recover That loss, it is clear That the Decree by Which the Government sets the Increase of 7.67 Becomes Unjust and According To the reality Experienced by Those with less Income in the previous year. This statement is consistent with what was said by the former judge Cifuentes, which refers the criterion of equality enshrined in the constitution and he expresses it is clear that the implementation of this principle, there should be a criterion for determining the increase, according to the impact of inflation to all socioeconomic strata, meaning thereby that by 2008, and in general inflation in recent years fallen most heavily on lower income people. This statement is Consistent with What Was said by the Former judge Cifuentes, Which Refers the Criterion of Equality enshrined in the constitution and it is clear I expressos That the Implementation of this Principle, There should be a Criterion for Determining the Increase, According To the Impact of Inflation to all Socioeconomic strata, meaning thereby That by 2008, and in general fail Inflation in Recent years most Heavily on lower Income people.
Through a smoke screen has been thinking that the minimum wage increase for 2009 was exactly equal to the cost of living increase in 2008 and which is also quite convenient and fair amount, since according to the government and Bank of the Republic, once more the expected inflation rate for 2009 should not exceed 5% and in turn say that with this increase in inflation of 7.67 and a 5% difference is generated which may increase the purchasing power of people by 2009, and therefore the loss would be remedied in the previous year. Through a smoke screen've Been Thinking That the Minimum Wage Increase for 2009 Was Exactly equal to the cost of living Increase in 2008 and Which Is Also remove convenient and fair amount, sincere According to the Government and Bank of the Republic, eleven again the rate of Inflation Expected for 2009 Should Not Exceed 5% and Say That in turn with this Increase in inflation "of 7.67 and a 5% Difference is generated Which May Increase the Purchasing Power of people by 2009, and Therefore the loss would be remedied in the previous year. Appearing to be important to clarify that if the minimum wage remained below inflation, would generate an increase in purchasing power and a loss of this otherwise in which case there would be no wage increases so to speak. Also the bank of the republic has set targets for inflation projections, which have not been achieved in recent years, though has remained in a digit was presented a throwback to be increasing more and more, as was the 2007 case in which the CPI rose 5.69% over the stated range between 3.5 and 4.5 percent. Appearing to be important if to Clarify That Remain Below the Minimum Wage inflation ", would generate an Increase in Purchasing Power and the loss of this case Otherwise In Which There would be no Wage Increases so to speak. Another the bank of the republic in September have targets for inflation "projections, Which Have Not Been Achieved In recent years, Though you REMAIN in a throwback digit Was to be presented to Increasing more and more, as Was the Case 2007 In Which the CPI rose 5.69 % over the range Stated Between 3.5 and 4.5 percent.
Another of the statements supporting this unjust situation of a minimum wage increase that equals or exceeds inflation, is the leader of the democratic pole Gustavo Petro, which refers to the need to encourage consumption, through economic crisis, thus increasing the demand and concludes that are necessary for this higher real wages. Another of the statements Unjust Supporting this situation of a Minimum Wage Increase That equals or exceeds inflation ", is the leader of the democratic pole Gustavo Petro, Which Refers to the Need to Encourage Consumption, Through economic crisis, Malthus Increasing the demand and are CONCLUDE That NECESSARY for this real Higher Wages.
In conclusion we note that there is a real reality that is not accepted by the government, regarding the difference between the minimum wage increase and inflation last year, being relevant to assert that the adjustment given by the decree is not real criterion that allows bolstering the purchasing power loss of last year, lost that focuses on the poorest, with a figure taken from the CPI increase is not for the rising cost of living were lower strata, leading to result in a violation of the right of equality for those who were most affected by the cost of living. In conclusion we note That There is a real That reality is not accepted by the Government, Regarding the Difference Between the Minimum Wage Increase and Inflation last year, Being Relevant to assert That the Adjustment Given by the Decree is not real That Allows bolstering the Criterion Purchasing power loss of last year, Lost That Focus on the Poorest, with a figure from the CPI Increase Taken That is not for the rising cost of living Were lower strata, Leading to result in a violation of the right of Equality For Those Who Were Affected most by the cost of living. For a person earning minimum wage, the money was enough to consume what is more fundamental than the family budget during these years has been affected by higher living costs, concentrate on foods with 13% for 2008 their disadvantage in purchasing power is evident when defining an increase to the minimum wage. For a person Earning Minimum Wage, the Money Was enough to eat What is more important Than the family budget During These Years Has Been Affected by Higher living costs, concentrate on foods with 13% for 2008 in Purchasing Power Their disadvantage is Evident When defining an Increase to the Minimum Wage.
It is necessary to tune than the next few years you will have a more fair and realistic approach to increase the minimum wage, an objective criterion that can allow to recover this loss of purchasing power, would also be relevant to consider how to generate a minimum wage increase but provided for those earning minimum wage or earn less income, which in turn are the most affected by the cost of living so high, thus maintaining the principle of equality is so much talk. It is NECESSARY to tune the next FEW years Than You Will Have A more fair and realistic approach to Increase the Minimum Wage, an Objective Criterion That Can allow to recover this loss of Purchasing Power, would be Relevant to Also Consider how to generate a minimum Provided But Wage Increase Minimum Wage for Those Earning Income or earn less, Which in turn are the most Affected by the cost of living so high, Malthus Maintaining the Principle of Equality is so much talk.
ARTICULO 2
US recovery gets antsy Jul 23, 2010
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The major equity markets' bounce off last month's nine-month low has faltered of late. All eyes have been on America's second-quarter earnings season, which got off to a solid start but has been overshadowed by grim macro-economic data. Analysts still mostly think that the world's largest economy can avoid a double-dip recession. But then, as David Rosenberg of Gluskin Sheff points out, "these same double-dip deniers never saw the recession coming in 2007 in the first place".
Industrial production barely rose month-on-month in June. Retail sales slid for a second successive month, the first back-to-back decline since early last year when the economy was in recession. And consumer sentiment in early July "shrank like a scoop of ice-cream in the Sahara", as Alan Abelson puts it in Barron's. The widely watched University of Michigan Index dropped almost ten points to 66.5 – an 11-month low and some way below its typical level in a recession.
Bank credit kept shrinking too. US consumer prices fell for a third month in a row. Mortgage applications for new home purchases declined to a 14-year low. The growth rate of the ECRI Leading Index has slid to -9.8%. In the past, a figure of -10 or less has always signalled recession and the Federal Reserve is "getting antsy", says Abelson. The minutes of its latest meeting trimmed growth forecasts and said "the risk to the outlook had shifted to the downside". In sum, as the stimulus wears off, "the US economy appears headed into a second leg of an unusually challenging downturn", says John Hussman of Hussman Funds.
A potentially deflationary recession is likely to be unusually challenging for investors, who have yet to price in slowing earnings growth let alone a recession, says Simon Thompson in Investors Chronicle. He notes that the S&P is hardly cheap on 16 times trailing earnings. The consensus expects overall S&P 500 earnings to jump by a "punchy" 66% from 2009 to 2011.
That means profits need to gain 44% over the next seven quarters – hardly realistic in a downturn. With US stocks primed for disappointment, the jitters will affect us too – Wall Street tends to lead other markets especially when things turn ugly. If a US recession does begin to seem increasingly likely, "there will be no hiding place for investors".
ARTICULO 3
The selling price in the export - a view administrative
Summary
This will try to take a look at the construction management of the selling price of export, taking into account the facts and concepts to apply regardless of the incoterm defined in the negotiation because there is already including the value desired by the SME entrepreneur and applied the cost and overhead, or will be taken into account the part of some important business to add to your finished product as additional cost and include it in the selling price of export. Thus determining a sale price of a simple but effective in going out to sell our products in international markets.
Keywords: Packing, packing, unitization, Utilities, Handling, Marking, Costs, Costs, Export, Import.
Now entering our country (Colombia) a global economic crisis but has not been beaten with the force feel today other countries, we must be attentive to the national and global economic changes as each day the most sensitive factor economy is employment and therefore companies should not ignore its potential broader than is knowledge and this is in the hands of their partners or human talent, so that export is has been and will be the option of choice for companies to stay afloat and income to ensure their permanence in the market, with healthy cash flows, low debt and steady growth, because the only way to grow is exported.
For this special case the sale price did not include incoterm EXWORK because of personal belief this is not a sale but a local export and the only difference is that the product is to the outside but the Colombian businessmen not involved in any part of exporting process then could hardly be called exporter but international seller.
Then take into account the export price from the employer takes an input or part of the imported product and adds it to export the finished product by adding the other concepts that are imposed on the export up to what the writer of this article called "COST OF PRODUCT READY FOR EXPORT", from there its utility and the other terms in a comprehensive manner to determine why this approach is a clear proposal, simple and functional for an employer SMEs.
DETERMINATION
1. At first, the employer must pay in full and unified import, imports of that input, which add to the export product. Because input and raw material, because the raw material holds a very high percentage of the total costs of exportable product and then not be considered Colombian product therefore would not be exportable.
The cost of import shall include all the concepts involved in this process to have an input well funded and ready to be added to exportable product.
2. Once the above is ready and clearly defined, we proceed to export the product to begin with this work can determine the first concept of two ways:
a. The product is produced in plants themselves, in charge of production will give the unit cost of the product which primarily include concepts such as direct labor, MATERIALESDIRECTOS, INDIRECT LABOR, MATERIALS INDIRECTOSY INDIRECT CONSTRUCTION COSTS (CIF), INCLUDING THE COST OF ADDING TO imported inputs and exported products, but will not be including the processes of preparation for export and those included in the training paid by the international area.
b. The product is produced by third parties or satellite plants is a very common operation today in the middle, there deliver the imported input to be added to the exportable product usually this input represents a further step in the process that makes the satellite so the cost of this additional process must be negotiated and agreed prior value or is simply a normal step in the process of making the product for which the cost of the satellite must remain intact.
3. In the third instance the area should afford professional product packaging and because international production because the package must comply with special features that respond to the country where the product goes, the very form of packaging, its resistance depending on the type of transport sea, air, land or multimodal, text printing and packaging must have the language, without losing sight of marketing support to be given before the presentation of the product to the final consumer, is how this function should pay as follows:
• The international price of the package delivered by the manufacturer to comply with the requirements and qualifications required
• The labor involved in the process of packing taking into account that the number of units to pack, packed per unit time, social benefits and contributions to para-worker is entitled for this work and the other with the exception of marked shall be done inside the company so delicate operation.
4. Immediately proceed to perform the unitization of stowage, a process that previously had to go through a study of accommodation in the boxes, packages, etc.. on the pallet to determine the best and most optimal way to distribute the goods on the basis of the pallet and the top bearing in mind the weight restrictions of the pallet and be conteiner sea or land and restrictions of the product, this process determine the cost of operator time over their social and quasi-fiscal contributions to the unitized each stowage.
5. The next process is to palletizing or packaging that is simply to give the required protection to cargo stowage for their behavior during national routes to port, airport or border and the freight international route is defined by the incoterm negotiated. Process that is funded the same way as the previous or stowage and is determined by the cost of operator time plus its para-legal benefits and contributions it takes to pack each stowage.
6. Subsequently and independently, but not consecutively the cost should be marked on the box, operation performed by a third party which acquires the box, package etc. For the specific product for export and shall include in addition to basic information defined by the owner of the product in each box pictorial symbols required for perfect handling of the product at international level, determination of each particular symbol in the area of foreign trade and exports of a company. The cost will be determined by the manufacturer of the box (other than the packaging) but the basic product information and pictorial symbols to find the place.
7. Lastly but not least is the handling of goods within the company, which consists of movements that get all the goods On physical processes mentioned above and to filling the truck or container as product and destination. The handling can be done in two ways manual and mechanical - manual that is when the forklift involved and this is owned by the company because if employed by third parties then it will be an expense. The process then can be funded including time spent on or by moving the goods operators manually or by forklift that their wages calculated on benefits and contributions more charges, they shall also estimate a constant value for the wear of the elevator (NOT TO REPAIR SHOCK OR DAMAGE THAT THERE ARE SERIOUS AND USE THE INSURANCE COMPANY DFE), this so that when the forklift requires an oil change, preventative maintenance, take the necessary reserves to support them and finally the fees for fuel consumption was used for the handling of the goods subject to export.
8. With the above processes clearly defined and costed and added it will then have a product ready for export, but this product still on the ground inside the truck or required conteiner
9. It is time then to include overhead costs and apportioned by the company line (s) or product (s) that the company has to export because apportionment is an administrative tool to distribute unique values in different concepts such as data casting general distribution of 100% in the different concepts but not equally, but the total involvement.
10. Once applied pro rata to the product (s), line (s) according to their export share of total costs and overheads of the company.
11. But then the sum of all the concepts involved COST OF PRODUCT READY TO EXPORT MORE (+) COSTS AND EXPENSES GENERAL, throw the total which may be applied by the employer desired profit for products or lines with capacity be exported.
12. Applied desired profit then this sum will take the total purchase price divided over the number of segmented units will export unit selling price, regardless of whatever the incoterm in which they negotiate (except EXWORK).
13. Other concepts that are involved in an export Conteiner such as rentals, Buy Stowage, ground transportation, etc. International buyer will be moved to the exact price but valued by other players in the export process without that it means a higher value of these services.
14. because if we set the export price at the end of the process will have a price to be expensive third party services and therefore a higher export price and the exporter can get the international market.
The findings presented here are the sole responsibility of the person who writes, and emerging from educational and business experience of over 15 years. Findings may not apply to other actors in international business, but that's why it's a very personal ADMINISTRATIVE LOOK oriented SME entrepreneurs, teachers and students of this wide world of international business, but it sure is a contribution for decision making.
ARTICULO. 4
The traditional concept of buying and selling has evolved to the point that in international business, commercial transactions have become specific negotiation processes.
The new demands of global consumption demands of the role of international purchasing high levels of efficiency and competitiveness.
Thus, the traditional and rudimentary import purchases ("Well, let's buy / replace 500 units ...") or completely speculative purchases and occasional ("I saw, I liked it, buy 5,000 units and then see what happens ...") are staying in the more distant horizon of oblivion.
The decisive factor for improving the performance of our company goes through the screening of the most competent and appropriate providers to our possibilities. The success of the acquisition depends to a large extent on the previous action on the procurement process itself.
The legal action after a shipment that does not meet the requirements of the order, have generally limited use some monetary compensation, but do not consider other factors equally or more important, such as loss of market shortage, damage institutional image and actions of our competitors, who take advantage of our inaction to take the spaces as their own.
Then, in order to receive the goods at the time and conditions laid down, we should stick to the following parameters:
1. Authentic identification of technical requirements for products or items to be bought. At first, we must clearly define the parameters of quantity, time and place of delivery, and details of the technical characteristics of the product.
2. Process of finding potential suppliers. Perhaps this is the stage of commitment. Achieving optimum purchase depends on the preparation of a list of potential suppliers. The sources of information are generally scattered and often must resort to industrial guides in other languages and private tenders. But bear in mind that aggression does not always sell articulates with processes and timely delivery.
3. Evaluation of suppliers. The list of the previous paragraph shall be subjected to rigorous evaluation, the principal axes will be reliability, production and customer service, which in this case we are. It will be extremely important to have samples to weigh on the final product of the above conditions and, based on its business, to personally visit the selected suppliers to generate a personalized commitment.
This will no doubt assess the quality of the product, its international price, consistency and ability to supply, after sales services as well as commercial and moral solvency of the company selected.
4. Registration and periodic evaluation of suppliers. Following the guidelines outlined above, suppliers who deserve our trust, are recorded on the definitive list of international suppliers of our company. The regularity of supply, does not prevent periodically (usually every two years), analyzing the performance of each provider in order to identify possible areas for improvement and why not, dissatisfaction with performance, considering the continuity of his tenure as supplier usual.
In commercial transactions we negotiate and get what we deserve and not what we want or believe is right. We get the parameters and points we have explained, they were accepted by the counterparty as part of the buying process.
Let us avoid disastrous delays and demerits of fixed capital due to the unpredictability. A systematic approach is easy to perform as enunciated here will help.
Every mistake in the international business is a space donated to competition.
ARTICULO 5
the new wconomy
It is defined as a period of increasing global economic activity supported by high rates of consumption and investment, with strong deflationary pressures driven by technology and management techniques.
It changes the point of pressure on the price-quantity equation, exponentially increasing the quantities of products / services available to deploy in the virtual environment, a more reasonable price, usually lower in a competitive environment that forces companies to cut costs, improve productivity and moderate the expected profits for investors, offering customers more products of better quality.
Increases in productivity have an impact on people's income, which rises, the products reduce the cost and improve its quality, the overall standard of living improves.
The new rules do not require increased spending with moderate or high levels of inflation, as ways to stimulate the economy and lower unemployment. Unemployment is low with the emphasis on the "quantity" of that equation (price per quantity) in a highly competitive environment, high productivity and low cost strategies that drive low cost and modest benefits.
In turn, the state promoting a strategy of gradual reduction of tax benefits from the change of emphasis in the equation and stimulates more work, more income and more revenue through taxes.
To be successful each company or institution, public or private, requires reshaping their business model and incorporate the concepts that are changing the profile of relations.
Business structures must be assembled and processed very fast, the physical component must be fragmented, distributed and aligned with a production network that can respond to the demands of the virtual world of high innovation and high turnover / obsolescence of products, high speed in the development cycles, and emphasis on intangible assets, which can be divided into four categories (*):
• Research and development efforts.
• Brand (s) owned by the company.
• Structures such as the way "only" driving the business (organization, policies, use of technology) that makes the difference and can be the best.
• Franchise or investment with substantial sunk costs act as barriers to the entry of other business.
(*) Baruch Lev. Leonard Stern School of Business
It may seem that just set up a business address as a company or institution is in the new economy may be in the Internet economy, but definitely not in the new economy.
The most profound changes to be made are in the heads of public and private executives who should replace income risk insurance, protection for competition and competitiveness as well as inertia, among other variables of adjustment.
In this new environment, the key word is replaced by market value addition and competitiveness.
One of the strongest concepts to drag the new economy is that of integration. Of all people, cultures, countries, information, and business roles. In contrast to traditional notions of division between people, between cultures, countries, information and business roles. Coopetition?
It is a paradigm shift: can my competitor be my partner at times? Can we integrate the economies of two neighboring countries, to align policies and have the same currency?
Small and medium businesses need to take advantage of this opportunity of entering a different world, with low barriers to entry and with great potential to multiply its value.
In our case of Venezuela, should pursue a business education program in order to reconfirm if everyone is in a viable business, and what are the opportunities for innovation, for incorporation into the global economy.
Only there are no real strategic opportunities. And the state's role should not be the grant or manipulating the exchange rate, but to promote the platform and technology infrastructure and services so that it hits.
I think our great opportunities for expansion and growth as a vehicle to generate jobs and wealth are in the field of services and adding value.
Every time that we manufacture locally under conditions somewhat more expensive than the rest of the world, we must either dramatically improve or quit the activity: firms have to close and dump eternal survivors in those efforts with strategic opportunities (no matter the size .)
A concept of the traditional economy that keeps the new economy is to be man-centered, with the difference that now the cause-effect relationship is more direct, faster and welfare can be achieved is higher.
No need to share poverty, we must create wealth among all and enjoy it.
